2-pin cooling fan: simple and crude, but cannot measure speed.
A 2-pin cooling fan means that it only has two red and black power lines, one for grounding and one for power supply. It has a simple structure, but few functions and cannot measure speed. If you want to adjust the speed, you need to use other solutions.
3-pin cooling fan: VC voltage speed regulation, poor flexibility.
The 3-pin fan interface adds a yellow line (also partially black, yellow and green) on the basis of the original red and black. It is mainly responsible for speed measurement. Through it, the motherboard can detect whether the fan is rotating and how much the speed is.
The speed regulation of the 3-pin fan is achieved by adjusting the fan voltage. First of all, this is still not flexible enough to adjust the speed. The temperature detection comes from the motherboard and cannot reflect the CPU status information in real time. In addition, the motherboard BIOS needs to set various parameters, so whether the speed can be adjusted depends on whether the motherboard supports it.
4-pin cooling fan: more flexible and intelligent speed regulation.
The 4-pin fan has an additional PWM line (pulse width modulation) on the basis of the 3-pin. The extra PWM line uses the PWM mechanism to adjust the fan speed, and the fan voltage is constant, avoiding a series of disadvantages of controlling the voltage to change the speed.
Summary
The 2-pin, 3-pin, and 4-pin cooling fans are a commonplace issue. Currently, 2-pin fans are rare in daily use, while 3-pin and 4-pin fans are more common.
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